Note 5 - Long-Term Debt

As discussed in Note 1(c), the Company consummated the Recapitalization Agreement with the Secured Lenders and the Unsecured Lenders on the Closing Date, at which time the Company issued the Shares as well as the June Secured Debentures and June Unsecured Debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $119.7 million in exchange for the full satisfaction of the Secured Notes, Unsecured Debentures and the accrued interest and accrued fee obligations in the aggregate amount of $238.2 million. Upon the consummation of the Recapitalization Transaction and as of the Closing Date, all existing Defaults under the Secured Notes and Unsecured Debentures were waived. As a result of the consummation of the Recapitalization Agreement, as of the Closing Date, the Secured Lenders and the Unsecured Lenders owned, in the aggregate, 97.25% of the Company’s common shares.

Background of Recapitalization Transaction

Since March 31, 2020, the Company had not made interest payments due to the Secured Lenders and the Unsecured Lenders. Through June 24, 2022, the Company had been in default on the Secured Notes and Unsecured Debentures, which, as of June 24, 2022, consisted of $97.5 million and $60.0 million of principal amount and $38.5 million and $11.9 million in accrued interest, respectively. In addition, as a result of the default, the Company had accrued additional fees and interest of $16.2 million in excess of the aforementioned amounts.

As a result of the March 31, 2020 default, the Board of Directors formed a special committee comprised of the Company’s then five independent, non-management directors (the “Special Committee”) to, among other matters, explore and consider strategic alternatives available to the Company in light of the prospective liquidity requirements of the Company, the condition of the capital markets affecting companies in the cannabis industry, and the rapid change in the state of the economy and capital markets generally caused by COVID-19, including, but not limited to:

The Special Committee engaged Canaccord Genuity Corp. as its financial advisor to assist it in analyzing various strategic alternatives to address its capital structure and liquidity challenges.

On June 22, 2020, the Company received notice from the Collateral Agent, as collateral agent holding security for the benefit of the Secured Lenders, with a demand for repayment (the “Demand Letter”) under the Amended and Restated Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement dated October 10, 2019 (the “Secured Notes Purchase Agreement”) of the entire principal amount of the Secured Notes, together with interest, fees, costs and other allowable charges that had accrued or might accrue in accordance with the Secured Notes Purchase Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements (as defined in the Secured Notes Purchase Agreement). The Collateral Agent also concurrently provided the Company with a Notice of Intention to Enforce Security under section 244 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada).

On July 10, 2020, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into the Restructuring Support Agreement with the Secured Lenders and the Consenting Unsecured Lenders to affect the Recapitalization Transaction. Under the Restructuring Support Agreement, certain of the Secured Lenders agreed to provide interim financing in the amount of $14.7 million (the “Tranche Four Secured Notes”).

Subject to compliance with the Restructuring Support Agreement, the Secured Lenders and the Consenting Unsecured Lenders agreed to forbear from further exercising any rights or remedies in connection with any Defaults.

Consummation of the Recapitalization Transaction through the Plan of Arrangement was subject to certain conditions, including obtaining the Requisite Approvals. All Requisite Approvals required to consummate the Recapitalization Transaction were satisfied, conditioned, or waived by the Company, Secured Lenders and Consenting Unsecured Lenders, for purposes of closing the Recapitalization Transaction on the Closing Date.

Accounting for the Recapitalization Transaction

On the Closing Date, the Company completed its previously announced Recapitalization Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement. The Recapitalization Transaction closed pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Arrangement under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) approved by the Court.

In accordance with debt extinguishment accounting rules outlined in ASC 470-50, Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments, (“ASC 470”), the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $316.6 million on the Closing Date. In connection with the extinguishment in the aggregate amount of $238.2 million, the Company issued new debt in the principal amount of $119.7 million, which was recorded at fair value of $99.4 million and 6,072,580 common shares in the amount of $455.4 million issued which were valued based upon the closing price of the Company’s common shares on the Closing Date.

On the Closing Date, the Company fully amortized the debt discount costs related to the old debt that were extinguished. As of March 31, 2023, the total and unamortized debt discount costs related to new debt were $20.4 million and $17.6 million, respectively (December 31, 2022— $20.3 million and $18.4 million, respectively). As of March 31, 2023, the total and unamortized debt issuance costs related to debts that were not part of the Recapitalization Transaction were $Nil (December 31, 2022—$0.7 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively).

As of March 31, 2023, the total interest accrued on both current and long-term debt was $Nil (December 31, 2022 - $Nil). As of the Closing Date, the total accrued interest of $56.3 million was extinguished and settled in full as part of the Recapitalization Transaction.

(a) Secured Notes

Tranche One

On May 14, 2018, the Company issued $40.0 million secured notes (the “Tranche One Secured Notes”) with a maturity date of May 14, 2021. The principal amount of such notes along with accrued interest at the default rate of 16.0% per annum were extinguished on June 24, 2022 in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $1.7 million), was recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of June 24, 2022, immediately prior to the consummation of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company was not in compliance with the market value test, and the Company did not make interest payments, and therefore was in breach of a financial covenant with respect to the Tranche One Secured Notes, Tranche Two Secured Notes (as defined herein), and Tranche Three Secured Notes (as defined herein). Furthermore, the Company was in default on its Secured Notes as of March 31, 2020, and as a result, an event of default occurred on April 4, 2020. This default was triggered on the Company’s long-term debt, which, as of June 24, 2022, consisted of $97.5 million and $60.0 million of principal amount and $38.5 million and $11.9 million in accrued interest on the Secured Notes and the Unsecured Debentures, respectively. Furthermore, the Company also became obligated to pay an exit fee (the “Exit Fee”) of $10.3 million that accrues interest at a rate of 16% annually in relation to the Secured Notes. As a result of the default and through June 24, 2022, the Company classified the Tranche One Secured Notes, Tranche Two Secured Notes, and Tranche Three Secured Notes as current liabilities on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of June 24, 2022, this debt, related accrued interest and fees were fully satisfied pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement and no default existed with respect to the Tranche One Secured Notes, Tranche Two Secured Notes, and Tranche Three Secured Notes.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 – $0.4 million), was recorded in relation to the Exit Fee on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of June 24, 2022, the aggregate Exit Fee obligation of $16.2 million was satisfied in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction (March 31, 2022- $15.8 million), which was comprised of an aggregate of $10.3 million in principal amount and $5.9 million in accrued interest (March 31, 2022—$10.3 million and $5.5 million, respectively).

Tranche Two

On September 30, 2019, the Company issued an additional $20.0 million of secured notes (the “Tranche Two Secured Notes”). The Tranche Two Secured Notes accrued interest at 13.0% per annum and had an original maturity date of May 14, 2021. The principal amount of such notes along with accrued interest at the default rate of 16.0% per annum were extinguished on June 24, 2022 in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.8 million), was recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

All terms, restrictions and financial covenants applicable to the Tranche One Secured Notes were also applicable to the Tranche Two Secured Notes. As of June 24, 2022, this debt, related accrued interest and fees were fully satisfied pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement and no default existed with respect to the Tranche Two Secured Notes.

Tranche Three

On December 20, 2019, the Company issued an additional $36.2 million of secured notes (the “Tranche Three Secured Notes”). The Tranche Three Secured Notes accrued interest at 13.0% per annum and had an original maturity date of May 14, 2021. The principal amount of such notes along with accrued interest at the default rate of 16.0% per annum were extinguished on June 24, 2022 in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $1.4 million), was recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

All terms, restrictions and financial covenants applicable to the Tranche One Secured Notes and Tranche Two Secured Notes were also applicable to Tranche Three Secured Notes. As of June 24, 2022, this debt, related accrued interest and fees were fully satisfied pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement and no default existed with respect to the Tranche Three Secured Notes.

Tranche Four

On July 13, 2020, as part of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company issued an additional $14.7 million as Tranche Four Secured Notes which accrued interest at 8.0% per annum and had an original maturity date of July 13, 2025. On June 24, 2022, the terms of the Tranche Four Secured Notes were materially modified pursuant to the Restructuring Support Agreement and as such, were considered to be extinguished in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.3 million), and accretion expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.1 million), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

iAnthus New Jersey, LLC Senior Secured Bridge Notes

On February 2, 2021, INJ issued an aggregate of $11.0 million of Senior Secured Bridge Notes which mature on the earlier of (i) February 2, 2023, (ii) the date on which the Company closes a Qualified Financing (as defined below) and (iii) such earlier date that the principal amount may become due and payable pursuant to the terms of such notes. The Senior Secured Bridge Notes initially accrued interest at a rate of 14.0% per annum, decreasing to 8.0% upon the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction (increasing to 25.0% per annum in the event of default). “Qualified Financing” means a transaction or series of related transactions resulting in net proceeds to the Company of not less than $10 million from the subscription of the Company’s securities, including, but not limited to, a private placement or rights offering.

On February 2, 2023, the Company and INJ entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Senior Secured Bridge Notes with all of the holders of the Senior Secured Bridge Notes. Pursuant to the Amendment, the maturity date of the Senior Secured Bridge Notes was extended until February 2, 2024, the interest on the principal amount outstanding was increased to a rate of 12.0% per annum, and an amendment fee equal to 10.0% of the principal amount outstanding of the Senior Secured Bridge Notes as of February 2, 2023 or $1.4 million in the aggregate, was added to such notes such that it will become due and payable on the extended maturity date. In accordance with debt extinguishment accounting guidance outlined in ASC 470, the terms of the Senior Secured Bridge Notes were materially modified pursuant to the Amendment and as such, the Company recorded a loss on debt extinguishment of $1.3 million on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The amended host debt, classified as a liability using the guidance of ASC 470, was recognized at the fair value of $13.8 million.

Interest is to be paid in kind by adding the interest accrued on the principal amount on the last day of each fiscal quarter (the first such interest payment date being March 31, 2023) and such amount thereafter becoming part of the principal amount, which will accrue additional interest. Interest paid in kind will be payable on the date when all of the principal amount is due and payable.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $0.4 million (March 31, 2022 - $0.4 million), and accretion expense of less than $0.1 million (March 31, 2022 - $0.1 million), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Senior Secured Bridge Notes are secured by a security interest in certain assets of INJ. The Company provided a guarantee in respect of all of the obligations of INJ under the Senior Secured Bridge Notes, and the Company is in compliance with the terms of the Senior Secured Bridge Notes as of March 31, 2023. The Senior Secured Bridge Notes are classified as current liabilities on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as they are due on February 2, 2024.

Certain of the Secured Lenders, including Gotham Green Fund II, L.P., Gotham Green Fund II (Q), L.P., Oasis Investments II Master Fund LTD., Senvest Global (KY), LP, Senvest Master Fund, LP and Hadron Healthcare and Consumer Special Opportunities Master Fund, held greater than 5.0% of the outstanding common shares of the Company upon closing of the Recapitalization Transaction. As principal owners of the Company, these lenders are considered to be related parties.

(b) March 2019 Debentures

On March 18, 2019, the Company completed a private placement of $35.0 million of unsecured convertible debentures (the “March 2019 Debentures”) and corresponding warrants to purchase 2,177,291 common shares of the Company at an exercise price of $6.43 per share (“March 2019 Equity Warrants”). All of the March 2019 Equity Warrants expired on March 15, 2022. The March 2019 Debentures accrued interest at a rate of 8.0%, per annum, payable quarterly on the last business day of each fiscal quarter, beginning on March 31, 2019. Interest was to be paid in cash, shares, or a combination of cash and shares, up to 50.0%, at the Company’s election. The March 2019 Debentures would have matured on March 15, 2023; however, on June 24, 2022, the outstanding principal of March 2019 Debentures along with related accrued interest and applicable fees were extinguished as part of the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.7 million), and accretion expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.4 million), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The terms of the March 2019 Debentures imposed certain restrictions on the Company’s operating and financing activities, including certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to incur certain additional indebtedness at the subsidiary level. As of June 24, 2022, immediately prior to the consummation of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company was in default on its interest obligations to the holders of the Secured Notes. This default triggered a cross-default on its interest obligations to the holders of the March 2019 Debentures. As a result of this default, the Company classified the debt as a current liability on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as the March 2019 Debentures were due on demand. As of June 24, 2022, this debt, related accrued interest and fees were fully satisfied pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement and no default existed with respect to the March 2019 Debentures.

(c) May 2019 Debentures

On May 2, 2019, the Company completed a private placement of $25.0 million of unsecured convertible debentures (the “May 2019 Debentures”) and corresponding warrants to purchase 1,555,207 common shares of the Company at an exercise price of $6.43 per common share (“May 2019 Equity Warrants”). All of the May 2019 Equity Warrants expired on March 15, 2022. The May 2019 Debentures accrued interest at a rate of 8.0%, per annum, payable quarterly on the last business day of each fiscal quarter, beginning on June 30, 2019. Interest was to be paid in cash, shares, or a combination of cash and shares, up to 50.0%, at the Company’s election. The May 2019 Debentures would have matured on March 15, 2023; however, on June 24, 2022, the outstanding principal of May 2019 Debentures along with related accrued interest and applicable fees were extinguished as part of the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.5 million), and accretion expense of $Nil (March 31, 2022 - $0.2 million), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The terms of the May 2019 Debentures imposed certain restrictions on the Company’s operating and financing activities, including certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to incur certain additional indebtedness at the subsidiary level. As of June 24, 2022, immediately prior to the consummation of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company was in default on its interest obligations to the holders of the Secured Notes. This default triggered a cross-default on its interest obligations to the holders of the March 2019 Debentures. Further, as a result of this default, the Company classified the debt as a current liability on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as the May 2019 Debentures were due on demand. As of June 24, 2022, this debt, related accrued interest and fees were fully satisfied pursuant to the terms of the Restructuring Support Agreement and no default existed with respect to the May 2019 Debentures.

(d) June Secured Debentures

On June 24, 2022 in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company entered into the Secured DPA, pursuant to which ICM issued the June Secured Debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $99.7 million which accrue interest at the rate of 8.0% per annum increasing to 11.0% per annum upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Secured DPA), with a maturity date of June 24, 2027. The June Secured Debentures may be prepaid on a pro rata basis from and after the third anniversary of the Closing Date of the Recapitalization Transaction upon prior written notice to the New Secured Lenders without premium or penalty.

The host debt, classified as a liability using the guidance of ASC 470, was recognized at the fair value of $84.5 million.

Interest is to be paid in kind by adding the interest accrued on the principal amount on the last day of each fiscal quarter (the first such interest payment date being June 30, 2022) and such amount thereafter becoming part of the principal amount, which will accrue additional interest. Interest paid in kind will be payable on the date when all of the principal amount is due and payable.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $2.1 million (March 31, 2022 - $Nil), and accretion expense of $0.7 million (March 31, 2022 - $Nil), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The terms of the Secured DPA impose certain restrictions on the Company’s operating and financing activities, including certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to: incur certain additional indebtedness; grant liens; make certain dividends and other payment restrictions affecting the Company’s subsidiaries; issue shares or convertible securities; and sell certain assets. The June Secured Debentures are secured by all current and future assets of the Company and ICM. The terms of the Secured DPAs do not have any financial covenants or market value test and ICM is in compliance with the terms of the June Secured Debentures as of March 31, 2023. The June Secured Debentures are classified as long-term liabilities on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Certain of the New Secured Lenders that hold the June Secured Debentures, including Gotham Green Fund 1, L.P., Gotham Green Fund 1 (Q), L.P., Gotham Green Fund II, L.P., Gotham Green Fund II (Q), Gotham Green Credit Partners SPV 1, L.P., Gotham Green Partners SPV V, L.P., L.P., and Parallax Master Fund, LP, held greater than 5.0% of the outstanding common shares of the Company upon the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction. As principal owners of the Company, certain of the New Secured Lenders are considered to be related parties.

(e) June Unsecured Debentures

On June 24, 2022 in connection with the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction, the Company entered into the Unsecured DPA, pursuant to which ICM issued June Unsecured Debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million which accrue interest at the rate of 8.0% per annum increasing to 11.0% per annum upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Unsecured DPA), with a maturity date of June 24, 2027. The June Unsecured Debentures may be prepaid on a pro rata basis from and after the third anniversary of the Closing Date of the Recapitalization Transaction upon prior written notice to the Unsecured Lender without premium or penalty.

The host debt, classified as a liability using the guidance of ASC 470, was recognized at the fair value of $14.9 million.

Interest is to be paid in kind by adding the interest accrued on the principal amount on the last day of each fiscal quarter (the first such interest payment date being June 30, 2022) and such amount thereafter becoming part of the principal amount, which will accrue additional interest. Interest paid in kind will be payable on the date when all of the principal amount is due and payable.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $0.4 million (March 31, 2022 - $Nil), and accretion expense of $0.2 million (March 31, 2022 - $Nil), were recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The terms of the Unsecured DPA impose certain restrictions on the Company’s operating and financing activities, including certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to: incur certain additional indebtedness; grant liens; make certain dividends and other payment restrictions affecting the Company’s subsidiaries; issue shares or convertible securities; and sell certain assets. The terms of the Unsecured DPA do not have any financial covenants or market value test, and ICM is in compliance with the terms of the June Unsecured Debentures as of March 31, 2023. The June Unsecured Debentures are classified as long-term liabilities on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Certain of the Secured Lenders and Consenting Unsecured Lenders, including Gotham Green Fund 1, L.P., Gotham Green Fund 1 (Q), L.P., Gotham Green Fund II, L.P., Gotham Green Fund II (Q), L.P., Gotham Green Credit Partners SPV 1, L.P., Gotham Green Partners SPV V, L.P., Oasis Investments II Master Fund LTD., Senvest Global (KY), LP, Senvest Master Fund, LP, Parallax Master Fund, L.P. and Hadron Healthcare and Consumer Special Opportunities Master Fund, held greater than 5.0% of the outstanding common shares of the Company upon the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction. As principal owners of the Company, certain of the Consenting Unsecured Lenders are considered to be related parties.

(f) Additional Secured Debentures

Pursuant to the terms of the Secured DPA, ICM issued the Additional Secured Debentures on June 24, 2022 in the aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million which accrue interest at the rate of 8.0% per annum increasing to 11.0% per annum upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Secured DPA), with a maturity date of June 24, 2027.

The host debt, classified as a liability using the guidance of ASC 470, was recognized at the fair value of $25.0 million.

Interest is to be paid in kind by adding the interest accrued on the principal amount on the last day of each fiscal quarter (the first such interest payment date being June 30, 2022) and such amount thereafter becoming part of the principal amount, which will accrue additional interest. Interest paid in kind will be payable on the date when all of the principal amount is due and payable.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, interest expense of $0.5 million (March 31, 2022—$Nil), was recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The terms of the Secured DPA impose certain restrictions on the Company’s operating and financing activities, including certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to: incur certain additional indebtedness; grant liens; make certain dividends and other payment restrictions affecting the Company’s subsidiaries; issue shares or convertible securities; and sell certain assets. The Additional Secured Debentures are secured by all current and future assets of the Company and ICM. The terms of the Secured DPAs do not have any financial covenants or market value test, and ICM is in compliance with the terms of the Additional Secured Debentures as of March 31, 2023. The Additional Secured Debentures are classified as long-term liabilities on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Certain of the New Secured Lenders that hold Additional Secured Debentures, including Gotham Green Fund 1, L.P., Gotham Green Fund 1 (Q), L.P., Gotham Green Fund II, L.P., Gotham Green Fund II (Q), L.P., Oasis Investments II Master Fund LTD., Senvest Global (KY), LP, Senvest Master Fund, LP and Hadron Healthcare and Consumer Special Opportunities Master Fund, held greater than 5.0% of the outstanding common shares of the Company upon the closing of the Recapitalization Transaction. As principal owners of the Company, certain of the New Secured Lenders are considered to be related parties.